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1 ἐλαττόω
ἐλαττόω (fr. ἐλαχύς via ἐλάσσων) fut. ἐλαττώσω LXX; 1 aor. ἠλάττωσα. Pass. ἐλαττωθήσομαι LXX; aor. ἠλαττώθην LXX; pf. ptc. ἠλαττωμένος (Thu.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestSol 18:11 PL; TestLevi 18:9; EpArist, Philo, Joseph., Just., Tat.; Ath., R. 58, 27; the pass. predominates, s. 2 and 3 below)① to cause to be lower in status, make lower, inferior (Jos., C. Ap. 2, 202) τινά someone, παρά w. acc. shows the pers. or thing in comparison w. whom, or w. what, the subj. is made inferior (cp. for grammar PTebt 19, 11 [114 B.C.] σὺ δὲ ὀρθῶς ποιήσεις τὸ προσάγγελμα μὴ ἐλαττώσας παρὰ τὸ πρῶτον=you will do right in not diminishing the report relative to the first) Hb 2:7, 9 (both Ps 8:6).② to be in possession of less relative to another, be worse off, be in need, pass. (1 Km 2:5; 21:15; 2 Km 3:29; Ps 33:11 al.) 2 Cor 12:13 v.l.; Dg 10:6.③ to become less important, diminish, become less, pass. intr. sense (Peripl. Eryth. c. 45; Philo, Leg. All. 2, 3, Virt. 46, Gig. 27, Aet. M. 65; 120; Jos., Ant. 7, 31. Of persons: Thu. 4, 59, 2; OGI 139, 10 [II B.C.]; PTebt 382, 13 [I B.C.]; TestLevi 18:9 ὁ Ἰσραήλ) J 3:30 (opp. αὐξάνω q.v.; perh. the diminution of light is spec. in mind here: Cass. Dio 45, 17: τὸ φῶς τοῦ ἡλίου ἐλαττοῦσθαί τε καὶ σβέννυσθαι ἐδόκει).—M-M. Spicq. -
2 ταπεινόω
ταπεινόω (ταπεινός) fut. ταπεινώσω; 1 aor. ἐταπείνωσα. Pass.: 1 fut. ταπεινωθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐταπεινώθην; pf. ptc. τεταπεινωμένος (Hippocr. et al.; LXX; En 106:1; EpArist 257; Philo, Joseph.) gener. ‘lower, make low’① to cause to be at a lower point, lower (Diod S 1, 36, 8; Bar 5:7; En 1:6; PsSol 11:4) ὄρος, βουνόν level a mountain, hill Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4).② to cause someone to lose prestige or status, humble, humiliate, abase, done esp. to slaves, fig. ext. of 1ⓐ w. focus on reversal of status ταπ. ἑαυτόν humble oneself of Christ, who went voluntarily to his death Phil 2:8 (s. on the whole pass. the lit. s.v. ἁρπαγμός and κενόω 1b; also KThieme, D. ταπεινοφροσύνη Phil 2 u. Ro 12: ZNW 8, 1907, 9–33). Of Paul, who did not hesitate to work w. his hands degrade 2 Cor 11:7. ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται (ταπ. … ὑψόω: Chilon in Diog. L. 1, 69) Mt 23:12b; cp. Lk 14:11b; 18:14b (s. also 2b below). Also the pass. (Hyperid. 6, 10; Jos., Ant. 18, 147) Mt 23:12a; Lk 14:11a; 18:14a (cp. X., An. 6, 3, 18 θεὸς τοὺς μεγαληγορήσαντας ταπεινῶσαι βούλεται).ⓑ w. focus on shaming, w. acc. of pers. or thing treated in this manner (Diod S 8, 25, 1; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 62, 29) μὴ ταπεινώσῃ με ὁ θεὸς πρὸς ὑμᾶς that God may not humiliate me before you 2 Cor 12:21. κύριος ὁ θεὸς ἐταπείνωσέν με σφόδρα the Lord God has profoundly shamed me GJs 2:3. τὶ ἐταπείνωσας τὴν ψυχήν σοὺ; Why have you so disgraced yourself? GJs 13:2; 15:3.ⓒ w. focus on punitive aspect (Diod S 13, 24, 6 Tyche [Fortune] ταπεινοῖ τοὺς ὑπερηφάνους; Cyranides p. 49, 12 ἐχθρούς) confound, overthrow τοὺς ὑψηλούς 1 Cl 59:3b; ὕβριν ὑπερηφάνων vs. 3a. Cp. B 4:4f (Da 7:24).—ταπεινόω can also refer to external losses, approx. = ‘hold down, harm’ (Petosiris, Fgm. 6 ln. 21 [act.] and 24 [pass.]).③ to cause to be or become humble in attitude, humble, make humble in a favorable sense (Philod., περὶ κακιῶν col. 22, 3 = p. 38 Jensen ἑαυτόν; Celsus 3, 62 αὑτόν) ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὡς τὸ παιδίον τοῦτο Mt 18:4. So perh. also 23:12b; Lk 14:11b; 18:14b (s. 2a above). ταπεινοῦσθαι humble oneself, become humble (Menand., Fgm. 754, 6 Kö.=544, 6 Kock τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσαντο τῷ ταπεινοῦσθαι σφόδρα; Sir 18:21; GrBar 7:5 ἐταπεινώθην φόβῳ μεγάλῳ) ταπεινώθητε ἐνώπιον κυρίου Js 4:10. ταπεινώθητε ὑπὸ τὴν χεῖρα τοῦ θεοῦ bow down beneath the hand of God (cp. Gen 16:9) 1 Pt 5:6. καρδία τεταπεινωμένη a humbled heart 1 Cl 18:17 (Ps 50:19). ψυχὴ τεταπεινωμένη B 3:5 (Is 58:10.—Cp. Diod S 20, 53, 3 τῇ ψυχῇ ταπεινωθείς; 20, 77, 3 ἐταπεινώθη τὴν ψυχήν). Corresp. ὀστᾶ τεταπεινωμένα 1 Cl 18:8 (Ps 50:10).—KThieme, D. christl. Demut I (history of the word, and humility in Jesus) 1906; DFyffe, ET 35, 1924, 377–79. S. also πραΰτης, end.④ to subject to strict discipline, constrain, mortify. In accordance w. OT usage, ταπεινοῦν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ψυχήν (Lev 16:29, 31; 23:27; Ps 34:13; Is 58:3 al.) or ταπεινοῦσθαι (Sir 34:26; 2 Esdr 8:21; the prayers for vengeance fr. Rheneia [Dssm., LO 353f, LAE 413ff=SIG 1181, 11] θεὸς ᾧ πᾶσα ψυχὴ ταπεινοῦται; s. Dssm., LO 357f, LAE 419) means to mortify oneself GJs 2:2; B 3:1, 3 (Is 58:5); Hm 4, 2, 2 (s. ταπεινοφροσύνη). οἶδα ταπεινοῦσθαι (opp. περισσεύειν) of an austere regimen: I know how to do w. little (cp. ταπεινός Pla. Leg. 762e; s. also Plut., Mor. 7e) Phil 4:12.—WCvanUnnik, Zur Bedeutung von ταπεινοῦν τὴν ψυχήν bei den Apost. Vätern, ZNW 44, ’52f, 250–55. On the whole word: ESchweizer, Erniedrigung u. Erhöhung bei Jesus u. s. Nachfolgern ’55.—DELG s.v. ταπεινός. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
3 ἐλεύθερος
Grammatical information: adj.Dialectal forms: Myc. ereutero \/ eleutheros\/.Compounds: rarely as 1. member, e. g. ἐλευθερό-στομος `with free mouth' (A.); as 2. member a. o. in ἀπ-ελεύθερος `freedman' (Att.), mostly taken as postverbal to ἀπ-ελευθερόω `make free, make freedman' (Pl., Arist.), Schwyzer 421, Strömberg Greek Prefix Studies 39f. m. Lit.Derivatives: ἐλευθερία `freedom' (Pi.) with ἐλευθεριωτικός `proclaiming freedom' (Him.); denomin. verbs: ἐλευθερόω `make free' (Ion.-Att.) with ἐλευθέρ-ωσις, - ωμα, - ωτής; ἐλευθερεσθείς (Thess., Schwyzer 736 w. lit.); ἐλευθέριος `as a free man' (Ion.-Att.), also as surname of Zeus (Pi., Hdt., because of the victory on the Persians) with Έλευθεριών month name (Halikarnassos); ἐλευθεριότης `frankness, liberality' (Pl.) and the denomin. ἐλευθεριάζω `speak and act as a free man' (Pl.); ἐλευθερικός `belonging to a free man' (Pl. Lg. 701e beside δεσποτικός; 919e beside the bahuvrihi ἀν-ελεύθερος; cf. Chantraine Études sur le vocab. gr. 146). Cret. ἐλούθερος with sec. voalism (Schwyzer 194)..Etymology: Old adjective, also in: Lat. līber, - era, also as gods name = Venet. Louzera, Pelign. loufir, Osc. (Iúveis) Lúvfreis = ( Iovis) Līberī; cf. Falisc. lōferta = līberta, OLat. loebertāt-em = Falisk. loifirtat-o; uncertain Toch. A lyutāri `the upper (men), overseer?' (Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 181). - One starts from an old word for `people', which is found elsewhere, in Germanic and Balto-Slavic: OHG liut `people', pl. liuti `people', OE lēod `people', Lith. liáudis `lower people', Csl., Russ. ljudъ `people', OCS ljúdьje, Russ. ljúdi pl. `men, people'; IE * h₁leudh-o-, -i-; from there also Burgund. leudis `a free man', OCS ORuss. ljudinъ `free man'; ἐλεύθερος, līber (\< IE * h₁leudh-ero-s), so prop. `belonging to the people', as opposed to the subjected peoples. - Against Altheims idea (s. W.-Hofmann s. 3. Līber), the Ital. Līber came through Oscan from the Greeks (: Ζεὺς Έλευθέριος, Διόνυσος Έλευθερεύς; s. above), see v. Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 334 n. 2, also Pisani Ist. Lomb. 89 (1956) 17f., who points to Venet. Louzera, which shows that the god was original in Italy (see Krahe Das Venetische 24). - Rich litt. in W.-Hofmann s. 2. līber, 3. Līber and līberī, Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. liáudis, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. ljúd. - See also ἐλεύσομαι. The laryngeal is seen in Skt. vī-rudh- `plant', anū-rudh- (Mayrh. EWAia 2, 467ff.) - Of forein origin but perh. reshaped after ἐλεύθερος and with oppositive accent the PlaceN Έλευθεραί, from which Έλευθερεύς as surname of Dionysos; cf. on Εἰλείθυια and Έλευίς. - On the meaning Benveniste, Institutions 1. 321ff.Page in Frisk: 1,491Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐλεύθερος
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4 ἐλαττόω/ἐλασσόω
+ V 2-3-3-3-17=28 Nm 26,54; 33,54; 1 Sm 2,5; 21,16; 2 Sm 3,29A: to make less or smaller, to diminish, to reduce in amount [τι] Nm 26,54; to lower, to degrade [τινα] Ps 8,6P: to suffer loss, to be depreciated Sir 32,24; to be in want of [τινος] 1 Sm 21,16; id. [τινι] 2 Sm 3,29*1 Sm 2,5 ἠλαττώθησαν they are reduced-ברושׁנ or נחסרו for MT כרושׁנ they hire themselves out;*Ez 24,10 καὶ ἐλαττωθῇ and be reduced (of a coction or potion)-והרקה ⋄ריק for MT והרקח ⋄רקחCf. BARTHÉLEMY 1992 205-206 (Ez 24,10); HELBING 1928, 176-177 -
5 ταπεινόω
+ V 15-37-37-68-21=178 Gn 15,13; 16,9; 31,50; 34,2; Ex 1,12A: to bow (the head) [τι] Sir 4,7; to bring low, to abase, to confound, to overthrow (pride) [τι] Is 13,11; to bring down (the body) [τι] Est 4,17k; to bring down, to humble, to lower (the eyes) [τι] (metaph.) 2 Sm 22,28; to bring low (a tree) [τι] (metaph.) Ez 17,24; to humble [τινα] Gn 15,13; to violate [τινα] Gn 34,2P: to be lowered, to be levelled Is 40,4; to be humbled Ps 50(51),19ταπεινώσατε τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν humble your souls, discipline yourselves, fast Lv 16,29*JgsA 5,13 ταπείνωσόν μοι humble (them) before me, make (them) low before me-רדד? to subdue for MT ירד ירד (the people of the Lord) went down for me; *Is 3,8 ἐταπεινώθη it has been brought low-ענה for MT עני? (עיני 1QIsa) eyes of; *Is 3,17 καὶ ταπεινώσει and he will humble-פלשׁ? for MT פחשׂו he will lay bare; *Ps 38(39),3 ἐταπεινώθην I was humbled-דממתי? I was brought to silence for MT דומיה silence;*Ps 87(88),16 ἐταπεινώθην I am brought low-אמך מוך or-מכך for MT ך/אמי your terrors; *Jb 22,23ταπεινώσῃς σεαυτόν you humble yourself-תענה for MT תבנה you will be rebuilt, you will be rehabilitatedCf. DORIVAL 1994, 504-505; SPICQ 1978a, 878-880; →NIDNTT; TWNT -
6 καταβιβάζω
καταβῐβ-άζω, causal of καταβαίνω,A make to go down, bring down,τινὰ ἀπὸ τῆς πυρῆς Hdt.1.87
, cf. 86; ;στρατιώτας.. εἰς τὴν Χώραν τῶν Φρυγῶν Hell.Oxy. 16.3
;τὴν πόλιν πρὸς τὴν θάλασσαν Plu.Them.4
; bring from town to country, Id.Cam.10; down into a mine, Th.7.86, Plu.2.262d: metaph., bring down, lower,κ. σεαυτὸν ἀπὸ αὐχημάτων εἰς τὸ δημοτικώτερον D.H.7.45
:—[voice] Pass.,κωμῳδία -βιβασθεῖσα εἰς τὸ λογοειδές Str.1.2.6
.2 force to come down,εἰς τὸ ὁμαλὸν τὸ στρατόπεδον X.HG4.6.7
, cf. Th.5.65; drive away, Hp.Prorrh.1.143.II bring down,τὴν διήγησιν ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῦ πρώτου Φοινικικοῦ πολέμου D.H.1.8
;τὸν λόγον ἐπὶ τὰ νῦν καθεστῶτα Luc.Rh.Pr.20
.IV Astron., ὁ -βιβάζων (sc. σύνδεσμος ) the descending node, Vett.Val.30.6, Procl.Hyp.5.101.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταβιβάζω
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7 συστέλλω
A draw together: shorten sail, (lyr.): Com. metaph.,συστείλας γε τοὺς ἀλλᾶντας εἶτ' ἀφήσω κατὰ κῦμ' ἐμαυτὸν οὔριον Id.Eq. 432
; draw in, contract, of the mouth, Hp.VM22; σ. ἑαυτόν, of a snake, Arist.HA 594a19;σ. καὶ προβάλλειν τὴν γλῶτταν Id.PA 660a23
; σ. τὸ πρόσωπον, so as to express disgust, Luc.DMeretr.13.5; of soldiers, σ. τινὰς εἰς τὸ τεῖχος, εἴσω τοῦ χάρακος ἑαυτούς, Plu.Sull.9, Cam.34:— [voice] Pass., contract oneself, draw in, Arist.MA 701b15, Pr. 949a17, Sor. 1.7;τὸν ἀέρα.. τυποῦσθαι συστελλόμενον ὑπὸ τοῦ ὁρωμένου καὶ τοῦ ὁρῶντος Thphr.Sens.50
;συνέσταλται.. τὸ θερμόν Id.Ign.13
;σ. εἰς ὀλίγον Plu.Arist.14
;εἰς μεῖόν τι X.Vect.4.3
; εἰς τρίβωνα ῥᾳδίως συστέλλομαι (cf. infr. 11) Crates Theb.16;ἐς βραχύ Luc.Icar.12
;τοῖς ὄγκοις συνεσταλμένοι D.S.4.20
; βραχίονας καὶ καρποὺς.. ἐν τοῖς συνεσταλμένοις ἀποδεσμεύειν at the narrow parts, Gal.12.693; - όμεναι ὥσπερ ὄρνιθες gathering together, Plu.2.565e; cf. συνεσταλμένως.2 contract, reduce, ; ἁμαρτήματα ὡς εἰς ἐλάχιστα ς. D.18.246;σ. ἐπὶ τὸ ταπεινότερον Arist.Rh.Al. 1423b24
;τὰς φυσικὰς λύπας εἰς μικρόν Diog.Oen.2
;τὴν ῥύσιν Sor.2.41
;τὰ συσσίτια πρὸς τὸ σωφρονέστερον D.C.54.2
:—[voice] Pass., draw cowering together,συσταλέντες.. σιγῇ καθήμεθ' E.IT 295
; τῇ διαίτῃ συνεστάλθαι to be moderate, Hp.Art.50, cf. Phld.Vit.p.22 J.; ξ. ἐς εὐτέλειαν retrench expenses, Th.8.4;ἵνα συνσταλῶσιν αἱ λίαν ἄκαιροι δαπάναι IG22.1329.11
, cf. PAmh.2.70.3 (ii A.D.).b deprive of all food and drink,συστέλλειν, εἰ δὲ μὴ ἀντέχοι τις, ἐπ' ὀλιγοσιτίας καὶ ὑδροποσίας τηρεῖν Sor.2.15
, cf. 86.3 humble, abase, τάτοι μέγιστα πολλάκις θεὸς.. συνέστειλεν E.Fr. 716
; ταπεινοῦντα καὶ ς. Pl.Ly. 210e;αἱ συμφοραὶ σ. τινάς Isoc.8.85
; opp. ἐξαίρω, Phld.Vit. p.20 J.; depress (opp. διαχέω, ἀνίημι), διάνοιαν Aristid.Quint.2.9
, 10:— [voice] Pass., to be lowered or cast down,συνέσταλμαι κακοῖς E.HF 1417
, cf. Tr. 108 (anap.); [δοῦλοι] σ. τὰς φύσεις Heraclid.Pont.
ap. Ath.12.512b.4 σ. λέξιν lower it, make it mean, Hermog.Id.1.6; pronounce a syllable short, opp. ἐκτείνω, D.H.Comp.14 ([voice] Pass.); δίχρονα συνεσταλμένα doubtful vowels when shortened, A.D.Pron.11.19.5 [ ὀνόματα] συστέλλεται ἐκ τῆς πολλῆς ποιότητος τῇ παραθέσει τοῦ ἄρθρου are reduced or restricted out of their generality, Id.Synt.69.4.II wrap closely up, shroud, , cf. Luc.Im.7:—[voice] Med., ξυστειλάμεναι θαἰμάτια wrapping our cloaks close round us, Ar.Ec.99; συστέλλου σεαυτήν gird up your loins, get ready for action, ib. 486 (lyr.); ξυστᾰλείς tucked up, ready for action, Id.V. 424 (troch.), cf. Lys. 1042 (troch.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > συστέλλω
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8 ταπεινόω
A lower, in point of height, reduce, σπλῆνα (swollen spleen) Dsc.2.155:—[voice] Pass.,πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται LXX Is.40.4
;πρόσωπον ἐκ μετεώρου ταπεινούμενον Hp.Coac. 208
; of a plant, decrease in size, Thphr.HP7.13.9; of rivers, D.S.1.36; Astrol., of a planet, suffer dejection, Vett.Val.119.15.II metaph., lessen,τὸν φθόνον Plu.Per.32
;τὸ ἐν μέλιτι χολῶδες Gal.15.683
(to expl. κολάζεται in Hp.Acut.59); disparage, minimize, Plb.6.15.7, cf. 3.85.7:—[voice] Pass., to be lowered or lessened, Pl.Ti. 72d.2 humble, abase, X.An.6.3.18;τ. καὶ συστέλλων Pl.Ly. 210e
;ταπεινώσαντες.. τοὺς νῦν ἐπηρμένους Aeschin.3.235
:—[voice] Pass.,ταπεινωθεὶς ἕπεται Pl.Phdr. 254e
;ὑπὸ πενίας Id.R. 553c
, Phld.Rh.1.225 S.;τεταπείνωται ἡ τῶν Ἀθηναίων δόξα X.Mem.3.5.4
;ἐταπεινοῦντο ταῖς ἐλπίσι D.S.13.11
;τεταπεινωμένων τῶν ἄλλων διὰ τὴν τῶν πραγμάτων κατάστασιν Anon.Oxy.664.22
.3 in moral sense, make lowly, humble,ἑαυτόν Phld.Vit.p.38
J., Ev.Matt. 23.12, al.:—[voice] Pass., humble oneself, , cf. LXX Ge.16.9, Si.18.21, 1 Ep.Pet.5.6.4 esp. of fasting or abstinence, θεοῦ ᾧ πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέρᾳ (i.e. on a fast-day)ταπεινοῦται μεθ' ἱκετείας SIG1181.11
(Rhenea, Jewish, ii A.D.); ἐὰν ψυχὴν τεταπεινωμένην ἐμπλήσῃς feed the hungry, LXX Is.58.10, cf. Le.23.27, al.; οἶδα ταπεινοῦσθαι, opp. περισσεύειν, Ep.Phil.4.12.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ταπεινόω
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9 ἀναβιβάζω
A- βιβάσω Ph.Bel.97.43
(s.v.l.): [tense] aor. - εβίβασα:— [voice] Med., [tense] fut. -βιβάσομαι, [dialect] Att.- βιβῶμαι Amips.30
, Aeschin.2.146: [tense] aor. - εβιβασάμην: (v. βιβάζω):—causal of ἀναβαίνω, make to go up, cause to mount, ἐπὶ τὴν πυρήν, ἐπὶ πύργον, Hdt.1.86, 3.75, X.Cyr.6.1.53; ἐπὶ τὸν τροχόν, of torture, And.1.43;κατὰ τὸ ἀκρότατον X.HG4.5.3
: metaph., uphft,ἐπὶ μετεωροτέραν ἐπίνοιαν Corn.ND28
.II Special usages:1 ἀ. τινὰ ἐφ' ἵππον mount one on horseback, Hdt.1.63, 4.72, X.Eq.6.12;ἐπ' ἅρμα Hdt.4.180
;ἐπὶ τὰ ὀχήματα X.Cyr.4.2.28
.2 ἀ. ναῦν draw a ship up on land, Id.HG1.1.2.3 [voice] Med., ἀναβιβάζεσθαίτινας ἐπὶ τὰς ναῦς have them put on board ship, embark for sea, Th.7.33: abs., ἀναβιβασάμενοι ib. 35, cf. X.HG3.4.10.4 at Athens, bring up to the bar of a court of justice as a witness, Is.9.30:—so in [voice] Med., Lys. 12.24, Pl.Ap. 18d; bring forward a fellow-prosecutor, Hyp.Eux. 13; but usu. of a culprit, bring up his wife and children to raise compassion, And.1.148, Pl.Ap. 34c, Lys.18.24, 20.34, Hyp.Eux.41, Aeschin.3.7, cf. 2.146: so [voice] Act., Hyp.Phil.9.5 ἀ. ἐπὶ τὴν σκηνήν bring upon the stage, Plb.23.10.16, 29.19.2.6 ἀ. τὰς τιμάς raise the prices, D.S.5.10, cf. POxy.513.27.7 promote, advance,στρατιώτην Ph.Bel.97.43
: c. acc. cogn., ἀ. χώραν advance a step, 94.25:—[voice] Pass., ἀναβιβάζεσθαι εἰς τιμήν ascend to honour, Plu.Cat.Ma. 16.8 Gramm., ἀ. τὸν τόνον throw back the accent, A.D.Pron. 49.15, al.; of postpositions, Id.Synt.308.10.9 ἀ. τοὺς φθόγγους lower, moderate them, Plu.TG2.10 Astron., ὁ ἀναβιβάζων σύνδεσμος ascending node, Ptol.Alm.4.9, etc.; without σύνδεσμος, Procl.Hyp.5.105.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀναβιβάζω
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10 ἀνάγω
I lead up from a lower place to a higher,ἐς Ολυμπον Thgn.1347
, E.Ba. 289;πρὸς τὸ ὄρος X.An.3.4.28
; ἱερὸν ἀ. ξόανον, of the Trojan horse, E.Tr. 525; ὁ πέπλος ἀνάγεται εἰς τὴν ἀκρόπολιν Pl Euthphr.6c.2 lead up to the high sea, carry by sea,λαὸν ἀνήγαγεν ἐνθάδ' ἀείρας Il.9.338
; , cf. 6.292;στρατὸν ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα Hdt.7.10
.θ: but freq. = simple ἄγω, conduct, carry to a place, Il.8.203, Od.3.272; ἀ. ναῦν put a ship to sea, Hdt.6.12, 7.100, etc.; ἀνάγειν abs. in the same sense, Id.3.41, 8.76, cf. D.23.169:—but this is more common in [voice] Med., v. infr. B.I.3 take up from the coast into the interior, Od.14.272; esp. from Asia Minor into Central Asia, ἀ. παρὰ orὡς βασιλέα Hdt. 6.119
, X.HG1.4.6, An.2.6.1, etc.; from Piraeus to Athens, Id.HG2.4.8.4 bring up, esp. from the dead,ἀ. εἰς φάος Hes.Th. 626
; , S.Fr. 557 ([voice] Pass.);τῶν φθιμένων ἀ. A.Ag. 1023
, cf. E.Alc. 985; κλίνει κἀνάγει πάλιν lays low and brings up again, S.Aj. 131;ἐκ λεχέων ἀ. φάμαν παλαιάν
waken up, revive, renew,Pi.
I.4(3).22.5 ἀ. χορόν conduct the choir, Hes.Sc. 280, E.Tr. 326, Th.3.104; ἀ. θυσίαν, ὁρτήν celebrate.., Hdt.2.48,60, al., cf. Act.Ap. 7.41; sacrifice, (ii B. C.).6 lift up, raise, ;τὸ ὄμμα ἀ. ἄνω Pl.R. 533d
; ἀ. τὰς ὀφρῦς, = ἀνασπᾶν, Plu. 2.975c;ἂν πυκτεύοντες ἀνάγωσιν ἑαυτούς Id.2.541b
.7 ἀ. παιᾶνα lift up a paean, S.Tr. 210; ἄναγε πολύδακρυν ἁδονάν, of a song of lamentation, E.El. 126; .8 ἀ. εἰς τιμήν raise to honour, Plu.Num.16;τίμιον ἀ. τινά E.HF 1333
; elevate, οἱ εἰς φιλοσοφίαν ἀνάγοντες [ἀστρονομίαν] Pl.R. 529a.9 in various senses, expectorants,Hp.
Morb.3.15; ἀ. ὀδόντας cut teeth, Id.Aph.3.25; ἀ. πλῆθος αἵματος bring up blood, Plu.Cleom.30; ἀ. μηρυκισμόν chew the cud, LXX Le.11.3, al.; τὸν Νεῖλον ἀναγέτω bring the Nile up [over its banks], Luc.DDeor.3;ἀ. φάλαγγα
deploy,Plu.
Crass.23: Geom., draw a line, Arist.Metaph. 1051a25; ἀ. τεταγμένως erect as an ordinate, Apollon.Perg.Con.2.49; in building, carry a line of works to a point, Plu.Nic.18:ἀ. ὕδωρ
distil,Syn.Alch.
p.66B.12 train, rear,θετὸν υἱόν AP9.254
(Phil.):—[voice] Pass.,εἰς μέτρα ἥβης ἀνηγόμην IG12(7).449
([place name] Amorgos); of plants,ἀ. ἀμπελῶνας S.
(?)Fr. 1010.2 τὸν λόγον ἐπ' ἀρχὴν ἀ. carry back, refer to its principles, Pl.Lg. 626d;εἰς ἄλλας ἀρχάς Arist. EN 1113b20
; , cf. GA 778b1, al.;εἰς γνωριμώτερον Metaph. 1040b20
; generally, refer,πάντα τοῖς λογισμοῖς εἰς ἀσφάλειαν Plu.Brut.12
;εἰς κοινὸν ὄνομα A.D.Synt.266.13
; freq. in [voice] Pass.,ἀνάγομαι εἴς τι Procl.Inst.21
;ὑπό τι Olymp. in Mete.326.33
;ἀπό, ἔκ τινος
to be derived from,A.D.
Adv.121.25, Synt.23.26; ἀ. ἀπό, ἐξ .. derive one's subsistence from.., Vett.Val.10.15,73.11.3 ἀ. τι εἰς τὸν δῆμον, Arist.Pol. 1292a25; of persons, ἀ. τινὰ ἐπὶ τὴν συγγραφήν refer him to the contract, D.56.31.4 reduce syllogism to another figure, Arist.APr. 29b1; reduce an argument to syllogism, ib. 46b40, al.5 in Law, return a slave sold with an undisclosed defect,εἰς πρατῆρα Pl.Lg. 915c
, cf. Hyp.Ath.15.6 refer a claimant,πράτορι ἢ εἰς πόλιν ἔνδικον Milet.3
No.140.42: abs.,ὁ ἔχων ἀναγέτω Foed.Delph.Pell.2
A15;ἀ. ὅθεν εἴληφας D.45.81
.7 rebuild, Plu.Publ.15, Cam.32.10 intr. (sc. ἑαυτόν), withdraw, X.Cyr.7.1.45, etc.; ἐπὶ πόδα ἀ. retreat facing enemy, 3.3.69;ἀ. ἐπὶ σκέλος Ar.Av. 383
: metaph., ἄναγε εἰς τοὐπίσω, perh. nautical, put back again, Pl.R. 528a.B [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., put out to sea, set sail (v. supr. 1.2), Il.1.478, Hdt.3.137, etc.: [tense] fut.ἀνάξεσθαι Th.6.30
, etc.;ἀναχθέντες Hdt.3.138
, 4.152, cf. A.Ag. 626.2 metaph., put to sea, i. e. make ready, prepare oneself,ὡς ἐρωτήσων Pl.Chrm. 155d
, cf. Erx. 392d. -
11 ἐλασσόω
Aἠλάττωσα Lys.13.9
, Plb.16.21.5: [tense] pf.ἠλλάττωκα D.H.Comp.6
, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.- ωθήσομαι Th.5.34
, D. 21.66: [tense] fut. [voice] Med. in same sense, Hdt.6.11, Th.5.104: [tense] aor. ἠλασσώθην, -ττώθην, Id.1.77, D.10.33: [tense] pf.ἠλάττωμαι Apollod.Com.7.3
, Plb. 18.4.3:— make less or smaller, diminish, reduce in amount, PTeb.19.11 (ii B.C.), PLips.105.28 (i A.D.):—[voice] Pass., POxy. 918xi3 (ii A.D.).2 in early writers, lower, degrade,τὴν πόλιν Lys.13.9
, Isoc.8.17; ; cut down, shorten,συναλοιφαῖς τὰ ῥήματα D.H.Comp.6
: c. gen., detract from,μὴ προστιθέναι τιμήν, ἀλλὰ μὴ ἐλασσοῦν τῆς ὑπαρχούσης Th.3.42
:—[voice] Med., reduce the power of,τινάς Plb.22.15.1
.II [voice] Pass.,1 abs., to be lessened, suffer loss, be depreciated, of things, Th.2.62; of persons, Id.4.59,al., OGI139.10(ii B.C.), PTeb.382.13(i B.C.), Phld.Lib.p.32 O., al., Ev.Jo.3.30, etc.;μέγα τοῦθ' οἱ πατέρες ἠλαττώμεθα Apollod.Com. 7.3
; also, take less than one's due, waive one's rights or privileges, Th. 1.77, D.56.14; but, fall short of one's professions, act dishonestly, Isoc.1.49.2 c. dat. rei, have the worst of it, Hdt.6.11, Th.5.104, etc.;τῷ πολέμῳ Id.1.115
; to be inferior,τῇ ἐμπειρίᾳ Id.5.72
;πολλαῖς ναυσί X.HG1.5.15
; πᾶσι τούτοις ib.6.2.28; ἠλαττωμένος τοῖς ὄμμασι, of a one-eyed man, Plb.18.4.3; : c. gen., fall short of,τῶν ἀρχετύπων Ph.1.606
.3 c. gen. pers., to be at a disadvantage with a person,πολλὰ μὲν οὖν ἔγωγ' ἐλαττοῦμαι κατὰ τουτονὶ τὸν ἀγῶν' Αἰσχίνου D.18.3
;ἐλαττοῦσθαί τινός τινι Pl.Alc.1.121b
;μηδὲν τῶν δημιουργῶν Id.Grg. 459c
.4 c. gen. rei, suffer loss in respect of, κεφαλαίου, τόκων, BGU155.10 (ii A.D.); to be in want of, LXX 1 Ki.21.15(16): also c. dat., ib.2 Ki.3.29.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐλασσόω
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12 ἕρμα 1
ἕρμα 1.Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `prop', in the Il. (and h. Ap. 507) in plur. of the supports (stones or beams), put under the ships when drawn on land; metaph. of men, `support, column' (Il.); `cliff under the sea, on which the ship gets stuck' (Alk. Supp. 26, 6, Hdt. 7, 183, Th. 7, 25); `stone, or another weight, that can serve as ballast' (Ar., Arist.); `hope of stones' (S. Ant. 848 [lyr.], AP 9, 319).Compounds: XX [etym. unknown]Derivatives: ἑρμί̄ς (or -ί̄ν), acc. ἑρμῖνα, dat. pl. - ῖσιν `post of a bed' (θ278, ψ 198, Hdt. 3, 16; cf. ῥηγμῖν- from ῥῆγμα, σταμῖν- etc.); vgl. Hdn. Gr. 2, 431 with etymological speculations. ἕρμαξ f. `heap of stones' (Nic. a. o.), Ngr. ἑρμακιά ( ἁρ-) `wall of dry stones', many derivv. in the lower Ital. diall, s. Rohlfs WB 78f.; ἕρμακες ὕφαλοι πέτραι H. (cf. λίθαξ, μύλαξ a. o.). ἑρμεών σωρὸς λίθων H. (cf. βολεών s. βάλλω etc.). ἑρματίτης πέτρος `stone serving as ballast' (Lyk. 618). ἑρματικός `standing fest, resting..' ( κράββατος, PGen. 68, 10; IVp). ἑρμαῖος λόφος `heap of stones' (π 471; uncertain, cf. on Έρμῆς). - Denomin. verbs. ἑρμάζω `support, make stable' (Hp.) with ἕρμασμα, - σμός (Hp.), ἕρμασις (Erot., also Trozen IVa [- σσ-]; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 149); ἑρματίζω `id.' (Hp.). - On Έρμῆς ( Έρμείας, Έρμάων) s. v.Etymology: Difficult because of the divergent meanings. One supposed two or three diffrent words. So in WP. 1, 267 ἕρμα `cliff' is considered a separate word (with Froehde BB 17, 304) and connected with Skt. várṣman- n. `height, hill, top, point'. This etymology however disregards the most important element of cliffs under the sea. On the other hand ἕρμα as ballast of a ship in WP. 1, 265 is with Vaniček and Fick (s. also W.-Hofmann s. sērius) connected with Lith. sveriù `weigh', svarùs `heavy', OHG swār(i) ` schwer'. In the meaning `support, prop' (2, 528) one connects words for `pole etc.', e. g. Skt. sváru- `pole,...at a sacrifice', OE swer `post, column', Lat. surus `twig, sprout, pole'. But it is very doubtful whether ἕρμα ever meant `pole'. - An attempt to combime all meanings makes Porzig Satzinhalte 266: the orig. meaning would be a `stone (for propping up a ship)', from where `Ballast-stones', and on the other hand - sarcastically - also `cliffs under the sea'. - Formally ἕρμα seems a verbal noun in - μα with regular ε-vowel. For an etym. one might think of Lith. sveriù `weigh' and relatives (s. above); so orig. `heavy weight, stone', IE *su̯ér-mn̥. - Kretschmer Kleinas. Forsch. 1, 4 thinks ἕρμα is Anatolian, pointing to the Lydian river Ε῝ρμος ( πολυψήφιδα παρ' Ε῝ρμον Orac. ap. Hdt. 1, 55), partly to Lycian PN in Erm-, Arm-. For non-IE origin also Chantraine L'Ant. class. 22, 69. - Wrong Gonda Mnemos. 3: 6, 165f. (Lat. sĕra, Gr. ἅρπη `sickle', IE * ser-.) - I see no reason for foreign origin.Page in Frisk: 1,562-563Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἕρμα 1
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13 ὀρθός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `upright, straight, right, true' (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member in several compp., e.g. ὀρθό-κραιρα s. κραῖρα, ὀρθό-μαντις, - πολις (Pi.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 184 a. 174), ὀρθο-στάτης m. `column standing upright etc.' (Att. inscr., E.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 49 a. 200); rarely as 2. member, e.g. ἔξ-ορθος `upright' (Ath.), backformation from ἐξ-ορθόω (Pl.).Derivatives: 1. ὄρθ-ιος (- ιο- formally enlarging) `upright, steep, going up, shrill, loud, arranged in columns' (Λ 11; on the difference of meaning against ὀρθός Chantraine Form. 37) with ὀρθ-ίαξ m. (- ίας H.) m. `the lower part of the mast' (Epich.), - ιάζω `to cry loudly' (A.), - ιάσματα pl. `high pitch' (Ar.), also `to raise' ( APl.), - ίασις f. `erection' (medic.); - ιάω = - όω (gloss., sch.). 2. ὀρθ-ηλός `tall, straight' (hell. inscr.; after υΏψηλός), also - ηρός `id.' (pap. Ia), 3. ὀρθέσιον ὄρθιον, μακρόν, ὀξύ, μέγα H. (cf. θεσπέσιος a.o.). 4. Όρθάννης (Pl. Com., inscr.), - ν- (Phot., H.) m. name of a Priapus-like demon (- νν- hypocor. gemination; cf. Έργ-άνη a.o.). 5. ὀρθότης f. `upright, straight position, rightness' (IA.); - οσύνη f. `(up)rightness' (Democr.; Wyss 62). 6. Denominative verbs: a) ὀρθόω, - ῶσαι, often w. prefix, esp. δι-, κατ-, ἀν-, `to raise, to straighten, to improve, to succeed' (Il.) with ( δι-, κατ-, ἀν-) όρθωσις f. `the raising etc.' (Hp., Arist.), δι-, κατ-, ἀπ-όρθωμα n. `(implement for) raising, right act etc.' (Hp., Arist.), δι-, κατ-ορθωτής m. `improver etc.' (LXX), ὀρθωτήρ m. `raiser, upholder' (Pi.), δι-, κατ-ορθωτικός `improving, successful' (Arist.); b) ( δι-)ορθεύω = ( δι-)ορθόω (E.). 7. Surname of Artemis: (Ϝ)ορθαία ( Ϝωρ-, - θεία, - θέα, - θία) f. (Lac. a. Arcad. inscr. since VIa, X., Plu.); Ϝορθασία (Lac. a. Arc. inscr. since Va), ὀρθωσία (Pi., Hdt., Meg. inscr.); s. Kretschmer Glotta 30, 155f. (w. very doubtful explanation; cf. on it v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 183, Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 487ff.), Risch Mus.Helv. 11, 29 n. 41 w. lit.; compare Venet. Reitia (Haas Sprache 2, 224).Etymology: Since long ὀρθός from *ϜορθϜός (cf. βορσόν σταυρόν. Ήλεῖοι H.) is identified with Skt. ūrdhvá- `raised, high'; the phonetic details are however debated and many times discussed, s. Schwyzer 363 w. lit. a. 301, also WP. 1, 289f. (Pok. 1167); cf. esp. ὀργ-ή: ūrj-ā́; ūrdhvá- for *ūrdhá- after r̥ṣvá- `high' ? (Otrębski Ling. Posn. 5, 175). Lat. arduus `high, steep', OIr. ard `high, great' as also Av. ǝrǝdva- `high' are unclear (s. W.-Hofmann s.v.); at least the Lat. a. Celt. words might have to be connected diff. (WP. 1, 148f., Pok. 339). Old inherited ὀρθός = ūrdhvá- belong to a verb, which is preserved in Skt. várdhati `raise, make grow' and in Av. varǝd- `id.' From the other IE languages, notably from Balto-Slav. and Germ., several isolated verbal nouns and diff. formed verbal forms have been adduced; s. the lit. and Bq s. v.; cf. also on ὄρθρος.Page in Frisk: 2,415-416Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀρθός
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14 στόρνυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to stretch out, to spread out, to make one's bed, to even, to pave, to strew, to sprinkle' (ρ 32).Other forms: στρώννυμι (A. Ag. 909 [ στορνύναι Elmsley], hell. a. late), στορέννυμι (late), everywhere also - ύω, aor. στορέσαι (Il.), στρῶσαι (IA.), pass. στορεσθῆναι (Hp. a.o.), στρωθῆναι (D.S. etc.), perf. pass. ἔστρωμαι (since Κ 155), ἐστόροται or - ηται (Aeol. gramm.), ἐστόρεσμαι (late), act. ἔστρωκα (hell. a. late), fut. στορῶ (Ar.), στρώσω (E. etc.), Dor. στορεσεῖν (Theoc.), στρωννύσω (Ps.-Luc.), pass. στρωθήσομαι (LXX), vbaladj. στρωτός (Hes.).Derivatives: l. στρῶμα ( κατά-, ὑπό- a.o.) n. `which is spread out, carpet, bedding, layer' (IA.) with - άτιον n. (hell. a. late - ατεύς m. 'bed-sack' (Thphr. a.o.), `variegated patchwork' (Gell.), name of a fish (Philo ap. Ath.; after the golden stripes; Bosshardt 62, Strömberg Fischn. 28), - ατίτης ἔρανος `picknick with one's own bedding' (Cratin.; Redard 115), - ατίζω `to provide with a carpet, to plaster' (hell. inscr., Poll., H.). 2. στρωμνή, Dor. -ά, Aeol. -ᾶ f. `carpet, mattress, bed' (Sapph., Pi., Att. etc.) with - άομαι in ἐστρωμνημένος (Phot.); cf. λίμνη, ποίμνη a.o. 3. στρῶσις ( ὑπό- a.o.) f. `the spreading, plastering' (hell. a. late). 4. στρωτήρ m. `cross-beam, roof-lath' (Ar. Fr. 72, hell. a. late) with - ήριον, - ηρίδιον `id.' (EM, H., Suid.); στρώτης m. `one that gets ready the beds and dinner couches' (middl. com., Plu.). 5. On itself stands στορεύς m. `the lower, flat part of a device for making fire' (H., sch.). = γαληνοποιός (H.); from *στόρος or -ά?; cf. Bosshardt 80. 6. With ο-vowel also στόρνη f. = ζώνη (Call., Lyc.), prob. to στόρνυμι; here Myc. api tonijo (Taillardat REGr. 73, 5ff.)?? Thus στορνυτέα καταστρωτέα, περιοικοδομητέα H.Etymology: The original triad στόρ-νυμι: στορέ-σαι: στρω-τός, ἔ-στρω-μαι is partly leveled through innovations: στρώννυμι (after ζών-νυ-μι for ζωσ-), στρῶσαι after στρωτός, ἔστρωμαι; στορέννυμι after στορέσαι. As in κορέσαι, κορέννυμι, ὀλέσαι, ὄλλυμι a.o. the ο-vowel makes difficulties and has aroused a lively discussion (s. lit. s. vv.). With στόρνυμι (for *στάρνυμι?) agrees further formally Skt. str̥ṇóti `stretch down, throw down'; because of Germ., e.g. Goth. straujan, NHG streuen we can posit an IE * streu- with n-infix. Other nasal presents are Skt. str̥ṇā́ti `id.', Lat. sternō = OIr. sernim `spread out', Alb. shtrinj `id.' (IE *str̥ni̯ō). On semantic differentiation Narten Münch. Stud. 22, 57 ff., Sprache 14, 131 f. To the zero grade στρωτός answers Lat. strātus, Lith. stìrta f. `heap of hay, piled up heap, dry scaffolding' and Skt.stīrṇá- `spread out'. Disyllabic the full grade στορέ-σαι like Skt. a-starī-ṣ (2. sg.; midd. 3. sg. a-stari-ṣṭa, inf. stari-tavai; one expects * sterh₃- which would give στερο-, which has been metathesized to στορε-, but we don't know how or why; cf Schwyzer 752). Also στρῶμα has an exact counterpart, i.e. in Lat. strāmen, strāmentum `straw' (beside Skt. stárĩ-man- n. `expansion'; cf. Schwyzer 520 w. n. 5). Also agree στόρνη = ζώνη and Slav., e.g. Russ. storoná `region, side', both prob. as innovations. The isolated στορεύς (from *στόρος, -ά or innovation to στορ-έσαι, - νυμι?) represents also the same vowel grade as Russ. pro-tór m. `room, greatness' and Skt. pra-stará- m. `straw, cushion, flatness'. Further forms w. lit. in Bq, WP. 2, 638ff., Pok. 1029ff., W.-Hofmann s. sternō, Fraenkel s. stìrta, Vasmer s. prosterétь and storoná. On the stemformation esp. Strunk Nasalpräs. u. Aor. (1967) 113 f. Cf. still στέρνον and στρατός.Page in Frisk: 2,802-803Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στόρνυμι
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15 ἐγείρω
ἐγείρω fut. ἐγερῶ; 1 aor. ἤγειρα. Pass.: pres. ἐγείρομαι, impv. 2 sg. ἐγείρου, pl. ἐγείρεσθε; 1 fut. ἐγερθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἠγέρθην; pf. ἐγήγερμαι (B-D-F §101 and 78; Rob. 1215) (Hom.+).① to cause someone to wake from sleep, wake, rouse Mt 8:25; Mk 4:38; Ac 12:7.② to cease sleeping, wake up, awaken fr. sleep, pass. intr. (PStras 100, 15 [II B.C.] ἐγερθεὶς ἐκάλουν βοηθούς) ἀπὸ τοῦ ὕπνου Mt 1:24 (cp. διεγείρω). Abs. 25:7; Mk 4:27; J 11:12 P75. Fig., ἐξ ὕπνου ἐγερθῆναι awaken fr. sleep (i.e. thoughtless indolence) Ro 13:11 (cp. Epict. 2, 20, 15 ἐ. ἐκ τῶν ὕπνων, fr. the sleep of carelessness); cp. AcPl Ha 4, 32.③ to cause to stand up from a position lower than that of the pers. rendering assistance, raise, help to rise, pers. sitting down Ac 3:7 (ἵνα σταθῶ). Lying down Mk 1:31; 9:27. Stretched out Ac 10:26 (En 14:25). Fallen Mt 12:11; 1 Cl 59:4; Hv 3, 2, 4.④ to move to a standing position, rise, get up, pass. intr. of those who have awakened Mt 2:13f, 20f; 8:26; Lk 11:8; who were sitting down (EpArist 94) Mt 9:19; Lk 13:25; J 11:29; Hv 1, 4, 1; AcPl Ox 6; kneeling Hv 2, 1, 3; of the sick Mt 8:15; 9:6f; Mk 2:12; of those called back to life (cp. 4 Km 4:31) Mt 9:25; Lk 7:14. ἐκ τοῦ δείπνου rise from the table J 13:4; of one who has fallen Mt 17:7; Ac 9:8 (on ἀπὸ τ. γῆς cp. 2 Km 12:17; Ps 112:7).⑤ to cause to come into existence, raise up, bring into being (Judg 2:16, 18 ἤγειρε αὐτοῖς κύριος κριτάς; 3:9, 15 σωτῆρα; Pr 10:12; TestLevi 18:2 ἱερέα; Jos., Ant. 8, 199) κέρας σωτηρίας a horn of salvation Lk 1:69; τέκνα τινί Mt 3:9; Lk 3:8. ἤγειρεν τὸν Δαυὶδ αὐτοῖς εἰς βασιλέα he gave them David as (their) king Ac 13:22 (cp. Jos., Ant. 19, 295). W. double acc. and dat. of advantage vs. 23 v.l.; τὶ someth. (Theognis 549 πόλεμον ἐ.; Appian, Hann. 41 §177 θόρυβον; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 50 Jac. μάχην; Tat. 19, 3 στάσεις καὶ μάχας) cause θλῖψιν Phil 1:17 (Lucian, Syr. Dea 18 πένθος τινι).⑥ to cause to return to life, raise up (the ancients closely associated death with sleep; s., e.g., Kaibel 559, 7f; RLattimore, Themes in Greek and Latin Epitaphs ’62, 164f al.) (Apollodor. [II B.C.]: 244 Fgm. 138a Jac., of Asclepius. Similarly schol. on Lucian p. 55, 23 Rabe; Sir 48:5 ὁ ἐγείρας νεκρὸν ἐκ θανάτου; PGM 4, 195) Mt 10:8; J 5:21; Ac 26:8; 2 Cor 1:9; AcPt Ox 849 verso, 10; AcPl Ha 8, 35=BMM verso 9. Of the raising of Jesus Ac 5:30; 10:40; 13:37; 1 Cor 6:14; 15:15ff; 2 Cor 4:14. More fully ἐ. τινὰ ἐκ νεκρῶν (mostly of Jesus’ resurr.) J 12:1, 9, 17; Ac 3:15; 4:10; 13:30; Ro 4:24; 8:11; 10:9; Gal 1:1; Eph 1:20; Col 2:12; 1 Th 1:10; Hb 11:19; 1 Pt 1:21; IMg 9:3; Pol 2:1f; AcPlCor 2:6. ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ITr 9:2. Of the raising of Christ’s flesh ISm 7:1.⑦ to enter into or to be in a state of life as a result of being raised, be raised, rise, pass. intr., of one who has died (Is 26:19; TestJob 4:9; cp. 4 Km 4:31) approaches ἀναστῆναι in mng. (cp. mss. and synopt. parallels; s. ἀνίστημι 7) gen. νεκροὶ ἐγείρονται Mk 12:26; Lk 7:22; 20:37; 1 Cor 15:15f, 29, 32, 35, 52. Of Lazarus ἐγερθήσεται J 11:12 v.l. σώματα … ἠγέρθησαν Mt 27:52; ἐγείρεται σῶμα πνευμάτικον 1 Cor 15:44; cp. 15:42f; τὸ σῶμα ἐγείρεται AcPlCor 2:27; cp. 2:26 (in imagery after 1 Cor 15:37). ἐάν τις ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἐγερθῇ Lk 16:30 v.l.; ἐάν τις ἐκ νεκρῶν ἐγερθῇ 16:31 P75.—Of John the Baptist ἀπὸ τῶν νεκρῶν Mt 14:2; cp. ἐκ νεκρῶν Mk 6:14; Lk 9:7.—Of Christ: ἐκ νεκρῶν Mt 17:9; J 2:22; 21:14; Ro 6:4, 9; 7:4; 1 Cor 15:12, 20 (cp. Just., D. 108, 2 ἐγηγέρθαι); 2 Ti 2:8. Also ἀπὸ τῶν νεκρῶν Mt 27:64; 28:7; ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ITr 9:2. Without this qualification τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι Mt 16:21; 17:23. καθῶς εἶπεν 28:6; ὄντως εἶπεν Mt 26:32; 26:34. διὰ τὴν δικαίωσιν ἡμῶν Ro 4:25; ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν (τῶν ζώντων) 2 Cor 5:15. Abs. Mt 26:32; Mk 14:28; 16:6; Lk 24:6, 14 (v.l. ἐκ νεκρῶν); Ro 8:34 (v.l. ἐκ ν.); 1 Cor 15:13f, 16f; AcPlCor 2:31.—For lit. s. on ἀνάστασις 2 end.⑧ to raise up from sickness, raise up=restore to health (the sick pers. is ordinarily recumbent) Js 5:15; AcPl BMM verso 11 (Did., Gen. 168, 17).⑨ to change to a previous good state or condition, restore, erect of buildings (Dio Chrys. 11 [12], 18; Aelian, NA 11, 10; Herodian 3, 15, 3; 8, 2, 5; Lucian, Alex. 19; Anth. Pal. 9, 696; OGI 677, 3; 1 Esdr 5:43; Sir 49:13; ἐ. τρόπαιον Hippol., Ref. 1, 24, 6; θυσιαστήριον Did., Gen. 223, 19) temple (ναόν: Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 26 §120; Lucian, Sacr. 11; Jos., Ant. 15, 391; 20, 228) J 2:19f.⑩ to move someth. from its position by exerting effort in overcoming resistance, lift up ἔγειρον τ. λίθον lift up the stone, push the stone aside (Seleucus of Alex. [I A.D.]: 341 Fgm. 4 Jac. in buffoonery at a symposium, of a stone pushed out from under a participant who has put his head in a noose and has been given a small scimitar to cut the rope before it strangles him) (Ox 1 recto, 6 [=GTh 77]); LWright, JBL 65, ’46, 182; Unknown Sayings 95–98; AWalls, VigChr 16, ’62, 71–76.— Raise κονιορτόν (Polyaenus 4, 19; 7, 44, 1) Hv 4, 1, 5 (Jos. Bell. 5, 471 speaks in the pass. of the dust that ‘is raised’). Cp. Mt 12:11.⑪ to move against in hostility, rise up, pass. intr., of nations rising in arms (Jer 6:22 v.l.) ἐ. ἐπί τινα against someone one nation against another Mt 24:7; Mk 13:8; Lk 21:10 (for ἐπί τινα cp. Appian, Liby. 68 §307; Jer 27:9; Jos., Ant. 8, 199).⑫ to make an appearance, appear, pass. intr. of prophets Mt 11:11; Lk 7:16; J 7:52; of false prophets Mt 24:11, 24; Mk 13:22. Of accusers in court (w. ἐν τῇ κρίσει; s. ἀνίστημι 9) Mt 12:42; Lk 11:31 (on omission of ἐν τῇ κρίσει in ms. D, see MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 134).⑬ in a command to evoke movement from a fixed position ἔγειρε, ἐγείρου get up!, come! impv.ⓐ act. intr. only in impv. (Eur., Iph. A. 624; Aristoph., Ran. 340; Aesop-mss. [Ursing 80]) Mt 9:5f; Mk 2:9 (v.l. ἐγείρου), 11; 3:3; 5:41; 10:49; Lk 5:23f; 6:8; 8:54 (v.l. ἐγείρου); J 5:8; Ac 3:6 ἔγειρε καὶ περιπάτει; Rv 11:1; AcPl Ha 7, 28. Awakening of the ‘dead’ (with καθεύδειν and ἐγείρειν associated in figurative use, as in Plut., Mor. 462) in Mk 5:41; Lk 8:54 (v.l. ἐγείρου); Eph 5:14 (MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc., but without Gnostic motif acc. to KKuhn, NTS 7, ’60/61, 341–46; cp. PsSol 16:1–4) parallels the aspect of motion in passages cited in 1, 3–10, and others here in a above.ⓑ pass. intr. ἐγείρου get up! Mk 2:9 v.l.; Lk 8:54 v.l.; ἐγείρεσθε, ἄγωμεν get up! let us be going Mt 26:46; Mk 14:42; J 14:31.—B. 271; 670. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.
См. также в других словарях:
make lower in character — index degenerate Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
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make ashamed — index demean (make lower), derogate Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
make lowly — index demean (make lower), derogate, humiliate Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
lower — lower1 lowerable, adj. /loh euhr/, v.t. 1. to cause to descend; let or put down: to lower a flag. 2. to make lower in height or level: to lower the water in a canal. 3. to reduce in amount, price, degree, force, etc. 4. to make less loud: Please… … Universalium
lower — I. /ˈloʊə / (say lohuh) adjective 1. comparative of low1. 2. (often upper case) Geology denoting an earlier division of a period, system, or the like: the Lower Devonian. –verb (t) 3. to reduce in amount, price, degree, force, etc. 4. to make… …
lower — I low•er [[t]ˈloʊ ər[/t]] v. t. 1) to cause to descend; let or put down: to lower a flag[/ex] 2) to make lower in height or level: to lower the water in a canal[/ex] 3) to reduce in amount, price, degree, or force 4) to make less loud or lower in … From formal English to slang
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